新世纪大学英语4(第二版)综合教程第4册Unit5 答案2

2023-07-22 来源：伴沃教育

新世纪大学英语4(第二版)综合教程第4册

Unit5 答案2

-CAL-FENGHAI.-(YICAI)-Company One1

Electronic Teaching Portfolio Book Four

Unit Five: Lifestyles

Part I Get Started

Section A Discussion

▇ Work in pairs or groups and discuss the following questions.

1. What kind of lifestyle do you live now?

2. Do you believe in the saying “a penny saved is a penny earned”

4. What are some of the things that come to your mind when we talk about healthy lifestyles

Make a list of healthy lifestyles and share your answers with your group members. Healthy Lifestyles a. balancing study and play b. doing physical exercise every day c. d. …

▇ Answers for reference:

1. A sample answer:

2. As a university student, I live a simple and plain life. I get up early in the morning and then

attend classes. In the late afternoon I play basketball or football. If I do not have classes during the day, I usually go to the library to do some reading or go to the computer center to search for some information related to my studies. In the evening I review or preview my lessons either in the classroom or in the dormitory. During weekends I sometimes go shopping or go to a movie with my classmates. 3. A possible answer:

4. Yes. This saying tells us that saving money is as good as earning it. Saving is not only a good

habit but also an important step on the way to financial well-being, both in the short term and in the long run. In the short term, it gives us an emergency cushion in the event that an unforeseen, large and urgent expense arises. In the long term, a consistent pattern of saving can enable us to accomplish our financial goals, such as financing a college education, a home purchase, or a retirement. So we should be thrifty and don’t spend money on things we don’t really need. 5. A sample answer: Healthy Lifestyles a. balancing study and play b. doing physical exercise every day c. drinking at least 2 litres of water every day d. sleeping at least 7 hours a day e. having at least an apple a day 2

f. seeking professional help if you feel depressed or anxious

Section B Quotes

▇ Study the following quotes about lifestyles and discuss in pairs what you can learn from them.

Jack Kerouac

⊙ Great things are not accomplished by those who yield to trends and fads and popular opinion.

— Jack Kerouac

Interpretation:

Trends and fads come and go quickly, and popular opinions of the day may not

represent ever-lasting truth. Those who wish to accomplish something extraordinary must not be slavish to trends and fads or popular beliefs. Instead, they should break away from the “following the herd” mentality and be extraordinarily innovative.

About Jack Kerouac (1922-1969): a US writer who was a leading figure of the1950s Beat Generation. His most famous novel is On the Road (《在路上》), which describes the adventures of two friends as they travel across the United States.

Margaret Mead

⊙ We are living beyond our means. As a people we have developed a lifestyle that is draining the earth of its priceless and irreplaceable resources without regard for the future of our children and people all around the world.

— Margaret Mead

Interpretation:

In this quote, Margaret Mead rightly points out that the American way of life has

given rise to a wasteful society and that it is doing a lot of harm to the earth and hence

to mankind as a whole. If we do not make changes in our lifestyles today, our children are doomed to suffer from lack of irreplaceable resources in the future.

About Margaret Mead (1901-1978): a US anthropologist, who studied the ways in which parents on the islands of Samoa, Bali, and New Guineas taught their children. She also tried to discover whether males and females are born with the differences in behaviour that they show, or whether they lean to behave differently as they grow up in a particular society.

Charlie Chaplin

⊙ The saddest thing I can imagine is to get used to luxury.

— Charlie Chaplin

Interpretation:

In this quote, Chaplin points out the danger of seeking luxuries. Luxuries are not necessities. Many people work hard to seek luxuries in life — they purchase luxury goods and services and always long for possessions that they do not necessarily need. In doing so, they have gradually become slaves to those luxuries. They may feel “abundance” for a while but they can never enjoy ever-lasting happiness, and their souls can never be uplifted. Moreover, those who are used to luxuries may live

beyond their means and get into debt, and debt robs a man of his self-respect. Indeed, it is sad to see a person indulge in luxuries and possessions.

About Charlie Chaplin (1889-1977): a British actor and director who worked mainly in the US in humorous silent films during the 1920s. He usually appeared as a humorous character who had a small moustache, a bowler hat, and a walking stick, and who walked in a funny way with the backs of his feet together and his toes pointing out to the sides.

Samuel Johnson

⊙ Without frugality none can be rich, and with it very few would be poor.

— Samuel Johnson

Interpretation:

Here Samuel Johnson advises us to be thrifty or economical with the use of our

resources. Frugality is a virtue while extravagance is a sin. One can never become rich if one lives a spendthrift lifestyle, but anyone can feel that he is rich enough if he or she carefully manages his or her money and other resources.

About Samuel Johnson (1709-1784): a British critic and dictionary writer. He is famous for his Dictionary of the English Language (1755), the first comprehensive dictionary of the English language ever published. He was considered an excellent conversationalist (善于辞令的人). His intelligent, amusing, and interesting words are still widely quoted today.

Section C Watching and Discussion

Confessions of a Shopaholic is a 2009 American romantic comedy film based on the Shopaholic series of novels by Sophie Kinsella.

Watch the following video clip “Confessions of a Shopaholic” and do the tasks that follow:

插入视频片段：“Confessions of a Shopaholic.wmv”

1. What makes shopping a beautiful experience, according to Rebecca 2.

 the sheen of silk draped across a mannequin;.

 the smell of new Italian leather shoes;

 the rush you feel when you swipe your card. And it’s approved. And it all belongs to you;

 the joy you feel when you’ve bought something, and it’s just you and the shopping…

3. What do you think of shopaholics (Open.)

Script：

Confessions of a Shopaholic

- - - - - -

Keep comin’ back, OK Give him some support. Keep comin’ back. Which store

Rebecca, why don’t you share your story.

Um ... Hello, everybody. Uh, I’m Rebecca Bloomwood. Hi, Rebecca.

I just actually came here as a favor to a friend. Uh, I mean, I like shopping. Is there anything so wrong with that I mean, stores are put there to enjoy. Uh, the experience is enjoyable. Well, more than enjoyable. It’s ... It’s beautiful. The sheen of silk draped across a mannequin. Oh, the smell of new Italian leather shoes.

- - - -

Italian leather shoes, that’s the best.

Oh ... The rush you feel when you swipe your card. And it’s approved. And it all belongs to you!

OK, Rebecca. Thank you for sharing.

The joy you feel when you’ve bought something, and it’s just you and the shopping.

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

You and shopping. Ryuichi!

All you have to do is hand over a little card. Yes!

Pull it together!

Isn’t that the best feeling in the world? Yeah.

Don’t you wanna shout it from the mountaintops? That’s real talk.

And you feel so ... confident and alive ... And happy? And happy! And warm. And warm!

What’s going on here?

I need to buy a new bag. I have to impress Alette Naylor. You should get a watch to go with that bag.

Oh, there’s a sale at Catherine Malandrino.

- -

- - - - -

You’re like my soul sister. Don’t let her ...

I have to go. Good luck, everybody. Do they have shoes

You sit down.

My will is strong. My wallet is closed. I do not want to shop.

Part II Listen and Respond

Section A Word Bank

frugal a. not wasteful; careful in the use of money, food, etc. 不浪费的；（对金钱、食物等）节俭（节约）的 lifestyle n. a way of living 生活方式 deny vt. refuse to let oneself have sth. that one would like to have, esp. for moral or religious reasons 自制，克制，放弃（尤指出于道德或宗教原因） keep up with the Joneses derog. compete with one’s neighbours socially, esp. by buying the same expensive new things that they buy 〖贬〗与邻居比阔气（尤指比买贵重物品） trend n. a fashion or style; a general tendency or direction in the way a 6

situation is changing or developing 时尚，时髦；倾向，趋势 fad n. an interest or activity that is followed very keenly but usually only for a short time 流行一时的嗜好、风尚或狂热 live within one’s means not spend more money than one has 量入为出

Section B Task One: Focusing on the Main Ideas

▇ Choose the best answer to each of the following questions according to the information contained in the listening passage.

1. What is the main idea of the passage

A) Living a fashionable life. B) Living an extravagant life. C) Living a frugal life. D) Living a free life.

2. What will people have if they take control of their lives

A) They will have a stressful life style.

B) They will have more money in their daily life. C) They will enjoy a lot of luxuries. D) They will have more peace of mind.

3. What kind of life will people live if they choose to live a frugal life?

A) They will live a fulfilling life without possessing much. B) They will live a simple and peaceful life. C) They will have little money and live in debt. D) They will have nothing and live poor and cheap.

4. Which of the following is not an example of being frugal according to the speaker?

A) Turning off the tap water immediately after use.

B) Keeping all windows closed when the air conditioning is on. C) Taking one’s own plastic bags when going shopping. D) Switching off the lights before leaving the room. 5. What does the speaker strongly advise us to do

A) To keep up with trends and fads. B) Do not follow trends and fads.

C) To deny ourselves “frugal freedom”. D) To have a great way of life.

▇ Key:

1 C 2 D 3 A 4 C 5 B

Section C Task Two: Zooming In on the Details

Listen to the passage again and fill in the missing words according to what you have heard.

Living a frugal life does not mean having nothing or living poor and cheap.

Neither does it mean denying oneself the 1 ________ of life. A frugal lifestyle simply means that you have the 2________ to live a happy and fulfilling life without

possessing a lot. Much of the 3 ________ from being extravagant to being 4________ is within the mind. For example, before you leave your room, remember to turn off the light; keep all windows and outside doors closed when the air 5 ________ is on; turn off the 6________ water immediately after use; when you go shopping, use your 7 ________ to save money on certain things for something else you need or want. In short, living a frugal 8 ________ means that you don’t have to “keep up with the Joneses.”

We should always remember that it is easier to spend less than it is to make more. It is easier to be frugal than to free oneself from 9 ________ stress. So, let us be frugal and live within our 10 ________. It is a great way of life.

▇ Answers for reference:

Living a frugal life does not mean having nothing or living poor and cheap. Neither does it mean denying oneself the luxuries of life. A frugal lifestyle simply means that you have the intelligence to live a happy and fulfilling life without possessing a lot. Much of the transition from being extravagant to being frugal is within the mind. For example, before you leave your room, remember to turn off the light; keep all windows and outside doors closed when the air conditioning is on; turn off the tap water immediately after use; when you go shopping, use your brain to save money on certain things for something else you need or want. In short, living a frugal lifestyle means that you don’t have to “keep up with the Joneses.”

We should always remember that it is easier to spend less than it is to make more. It is easier to be frugal than to free oneself from financial stress. So, let us be frugal and live within our means. It is a great way of life.

Script:

Living a Frugal Life

People who live a frugal lifestyle often live with less stress. This is because they know how to take control of their money and, therefore, they have more control over their lives in general. And if you have more control of your life, you are likely to have more peace of mind. With that peace of mind comes what may be called “frugal freedom”, namely, freedom from debt, freedom from envy, freedom from shame, freedom from worry, and freedom from loss of one’s identity.

possessing a lot. Much of the transition from being extravagant to being frugal is within the mind. For example, before you leave your room, remember to turn off the light; keep all windows and outside doors closed when the air conditioning is on; turn off the tap water immediately after use; when you go shopping, use your brain to save money on certain things for something else you need or want. In short, living a frugal lifestyle means that you don’t have to “keep up with the Joneses” and that you do not have to follow trends and fads.

Part III Read and Explore

Text A

Section A Discovering the Main Ideas

Exercise 1: Answer the following questions with the information contained in Text A.

1) Why did Sara and Michael decide to “strip down to bare happiness”

2) How did the couple “strip down” their lives?

3) How did the couple feel about their new lifestyle?

4) What is the “yearning feeling” that Sara mentions in Para. 10

5) How was the author affected by her interview with the couple?

▇ Answers for reference:

1) I think there are two reasons why Sara and Michael decided to “strip down” their

lives to bare essentials. On the one hand, they wanted to build up a world of their own where they could enjoy family life, social life and balance work and play all at the same time consistently. On the other hand, they were fed up with the old consumption habits and came to realize that they could still live a happy and self-fulfilling life on less money.

2) The couple “stripped down” their lives in many ways. The major sacrifices they made were:

 They traded two-full time careers for two part-time freelance jobs.

 They moved to a small but comfortable energy-efficient house they designed

themselves.

 They spent money only on bare necessities and things that did not make

wasteful use of the earth’s resources.

 They constantly gave away what they did not really need and economized on

what they had.

 They cut down their expenses of work in a commuter age. They did not own an extra car, and they gave up business suits, business luncheons and dinners; and they took care of the baby themselves and could save considerably from home cooking, thrift shops and do-it-yourself projects.

3) They did not feel deprived at all. As Sara said, it was not deprivation but

simplification. They felt happy and satisfied with their frugal and simple lifestyle. They had a strong sense of self-fulfillment.

4) I think the “yearning feeling” Sara talks about refers to the strong desire for

possessing more and more material things. Consumerism — the idea or belief that buying as many goods as possible is desirable for a person or society — is an important part of the American culture and it gives rise to this “yearning feeling”, which has led to the emergence of such socially sanctioned problems as impulse buying, brandname loyalty, irrational consumption of the earth’s resources and the mentality of following trends and fads.

5) The author was deeply affected by the interview. On the one hand, she seemed to

admire Sara and Michael for their courage to turn their lifestyle around and she expressed her opinions approvingly. On the other hand, she felt it was difficult to resist the temptation of purchasing things on impulse as we can see from her shopping experience with her daughter that night. She came to the conclusion that most Americans could not find the resolve and courage to lead a simple lifestyle owing to the strong and deeply-rooted influence of consumerism.

Exercise 2: Text A can be divided into three parts with the paragraph number(s) of each part provided as follows. Write down the main idea of each part.

Part Main Idea Para(s)。

Fed up with their previous wasteful and busy lifestyle, One 1-5 Sara and Michel changed jobs, moved to a small but energy-efficient house and started a simple and environmental-friendly lifestyle.

Two Three

Paragraph(s)

6-10 Paragraph(s)

11-13 In order to “strip down to bare happiness”, Sara and Michel made further adjustment to their lives. The author was deeply affected by the couple’s simple but fulfilling lifestyle. However, she, like most Americans, found it hard to gather the resolve and courage to live a simple lifestyle.

Section B In-depth Study

Here is a story of two people whose rebellion against the trend of the modern world went all the way. As Linda Weltner reports, Sara and Michael decided that the world was too much with them, and that they could live much happier lives without

the myths of consumerism and the thrownaway mentality. One wonders just how many of us could make such a drastic change in our lifestyle.

Stripping Down to Bare Happiness

Linda Weltner

1 “What we’re talking about is simplification, not deprivation,” explains Sara, a friend of mine. “It isn’t that you can’t do all the things you like, but you change. You don’t like them anymore. Some of the old habits seem so wasteful and unsatisfying that you really lose your taste for them. So you still have everything you want — only on less money.”

2 When I first met them, Sara and Michael were a two-career couple with a home of their own, and a large boat bought with a large loan. They began to take an interest in the concept of “voluntary simplicity” with the birth of their daughter whom they wanted to raise all by themselves. Neither one of them, it turned out, was willing to restrict what they considered their “real life” into the brief time before work and the tired hours afterward.

3 “A lot of people think that as they have children and things get more expensive, the only answer is to work harder in order to earn more money. It’s not the only answer,” insists Michael.

4 The couple’s decision was to trade two full-time careers for two half-time careers, and to curtail consumption. They decided to spend their money only on things that contributed to their major goal, the construction of a world where family and

friendship, work and play, were all of a piece, a world, moreover, which did not make wasteful use of the earth’s resources.

5 Today, they live in the same suburban community in a handsome, energy-efficient home they designed themselves. Small by most standards, it is easy to clean, furnish, maintain and heat. The first floor, one large room, has a kitchen area along one wall, a birch table and chairs for dining, a living area defined by a comfortable couch and a wood stove, and a corner work area. Upstairs is their bedroom, an office that serves them both, and a bathroom. It is bright and light and in harmony with its surroundings. Soon there will be a solar greenhouse outside the front door.

6 How can a couple with two part-time freelance jobs afford to build their own home, own a car, and share a small boat with another couple — all without a loan

How can they maintain a high standard of living that provides “everything” they want What is it they have given up that they do not miss

7 For one thing, they have given up all the expensive clutter — medicine cabinets full of cosmetics and over-the-counter drugs they will never use; kitchen cabinets crowded with items they would eventually throw away. The one clothes closet Sara shares with Michael easily contains the basic items in their wardrobes, many of them well-made classic styles from L. L. Bean. “I’m constantly giving things away,” Sara explains. By sifting and discarding, by keeping track of what they have, Sara and Michael have a clear idea of what they really need.

8 They do not have a dishwasher. The number of hand-thrown pottery dishes they own would not fill one. They do not own a clothes dryer; the wet clothes, drying indoors in winter, eliminate the need for a humidifier. Sara’s dark hair is short. She does not need a hairdryer, electric curlers, or a curling iron. Their front yard is

wooded. They do not need a power mower or electric clippers. They do not own a TV, and so they and their child are not constantly saturated with images of new toys, new things, and new temptations.

9 They have exchanged the expenses of work in a commuter age — the extra car, the cost of gasoline, professional wardrobes, lunches and frequent dinners out, and

babysitting fees — for the time to pay attention to the quality of their lives. They have given up paper products, processed foods, expensive hobbies, first-run movies,

restaurants, and paying for the services of others. In return, they enjoy home cooking, mid-week family picnics, library books, participation in community arts programs, thrift shops, and do-it-yourself projects.

10 “That yearning feeling that’s so much a part of this culture goes on forever,” says Sara. “But it doesn’t matter if you’re making $15,000 or $50,000. There’ll always be the things you wish you could afford. Money really wasn’t the reason we changed. We did it for our own personal satisfaction, and for anyone thinking of simplifying life, there is only one basic rule: If it isn’t satisfying, don’t do it.”

11 Sara and Michael lent me their copy of 99 Ways to a Simple Lifestyle, a handbook of practical suggestions that can be applied to anyone’s living situation. I read it

carefully, giving myself high marks in some areas, surprised at my socially sanctioned irrational behavior in others.

12 That night, accompanying my daughter on a shopping trip, I came across an inexpensive hand towel that matched our kitchen wallpaper, and a pair of “bargain” sandals too handsome to resist. When I stood in the parking lot, $11 poorer, no

happier on leaving the store than I had been entering it, I felt like a child, helpless in the face of my own impulses.

13 It is a world of illusion, this shopping merry-go-round we ride, but with all the action and excitement, it is sometimes hard to find the resolve and the courage to dismount.

▇ 课文参考译文

返璞归真琳达·韦尔特纳

1 “我们讨论的是简化生活，而不是物质匮乏，”我的朋友萨拉解释说，“绝对不是你不可以做你喜欢的那些事情，而是你在改变，不再喜欢同样的事情罢了。一些旧的习惯看上去是那样的浪费又不能令人满意，你真的对它们失去了

兴趣。所以你仍然拥有你需要的每一件东西――只不过不需要花那么多的钱罢了。”

2 当我第一次遇见他们时，萨拉和迈克尔夫妇双双从业，拥有自己的住宅和用一大笔贷款购置的一条大船。随着女儿的出世而他们又想亲自抚养她，他们开始对“自愿简朴”的理念产生了兴趣。他们俩谁都不愿意把他们视为生活中最重要的部分仅仅局限于上班前的一小段时间和下班后已疲惫不堪的那几个小时。

3 “许多人认为，因为有了孩子而且东西越来越贵，唯一的办法就是更加努力地工作以便挣更多的钱。其实这并不是唯一的办法，”迈克尔坚持说。 4 这对夫妻的决定是把两份全职工作业换成两份半日工作，并且削减消费。他们决定只把钱花在有助于实现他们的主要目标的东西上：构建一个把家庭和友谊、工作和娱乐融为一体的生活天地，而且还是一个不浪费地球资源的生活天地。

5 现在他们还在原来的那个近郊社区，住在一幢自己设计的、漂亮而节能的房子里。按许多标准来看，房子虽然小了点，却容易清扫、布置、维修和供暖。一层是个大房间，厨房靠墙，摆着一张桦木餐桌和吃饭用的几把椅子；一张舒适的长沙发和一个柴炉就把日常起居的范围圈定了；角落是工作区。楼上是他们的卧室、一个萨拉和迈克尔共用的办公室和一间浴室。整幢房子明亮简洁，同周围环境十分和谐。很快，前门外还要建一个太阳能温室。

6 一对只有兼职工作的夫妻怎么会有钱建造自己的房子、拥有一辆汽车并同另一对夫妻共享一艘小船，而且所有这一切都不曾贷款呢？他们如何能够维持

足以提供他们想要的“一切”的那样一种高生活水平呢他们放弃的而且不再怀念是哪些东西呢

7 首先，他们放弃了乱七八糟的昂贵东西：（浴室）药柜里满满的从来不用的化妆品和在柜台上随时可以买到的药品；堆放在厨房壁柜里的最终只会丢弃的各种东西。萨拉和迈克尔共用的那个衣柜足可以装下他们必需的一些衣物，其中许多还是出自L.L.比恩公司的做工精细的经典款式呢。“我不断地把东西送给别人，”萨拉解释道。通过筛选和丢弃并凭借他们对所拥有的东西的了解，萨拉和迈克尔清楚地知道他们到底真正需要什么。

8 他们没有洗碗机，他们家那几只手工陶制的碟子根本装不满一台洗碟机。他们没有衣服烘干机；冬天把湿衣服晾在室内也就不需要增湿器了。萨拉的黑发很短，所以用不着吹风机、电动卷发夹或电动烫发钳。他们的前院长满了树，所以也不需要动力割草机或电动修枝剪。他们没有电视机，所以他们和孩子的脑子里都不会一直充满各种新玩具、新物品和新诱惑的图像。

9 他们节省了通勤时代上下班必须支付的开支：另外的一辆车、汽油费、职业装、午餐和经常外出吃晚餐的开销以及保姆费，换来的则是时间――用于关注生活质量的时间。他们已不再使用纸产品，不再吃加工过的食品，不再享受昂贵的嗜好、观看首映电影、上餐馆以及付钱接受别人的服务。取而代之的是他们所喜欢的自家烹饪、周中的家庭野餐、上图书馆借书、参加社区的艺术活动、逛廉价旧货商店以及自己动手做事。

10 “那种渴望获得更多东西的感觉是我们这个文化的一个重要组成部分，而且还会永远继续下去，”萨拉说。“但是，你赚1万5千美元还是5万美元并不重要。这世上总有许多你希望自己能买得起的东西。钱真的不是导致我们改变生

活方式的原因。我们这样做是为了个人的满足。对于任何一个想简化自己生活的人来说，基本规则只有一个：如果一件事不能令人满意，那就索性不要去做。”

11 萨拉和迈克尔借给我一本手册，名为《营造简朴生活方式的99种方法》，里面全是适用于任何生活状况的实用可行的建议。我仔细地阅读了，在一些方面我给自己打了高分，而在另一些方面我为身上存在的社会所认可的不理智行为感到惊讶。

12 那天晚上，我陪女儿去购物，碰巧看见一条和我们的厨房墙纸颜色匹配而价钱又不贵的擦手毛巾和一双漂亮得难以抵挡其诱惑的“特价”凉鞋。当我站在停车场时，感觉自己花了11美元离开商店之后并没有比进商店时更加开心，此时此刻我觉得自己就像个孩子，面对自己的一时冲动竟会不由自主。 13 我们乘坐的这只购物旋转木马，其实是一个幻觉世界，但由于它不停地旋转并富有刺激性，有时我们很难找到决心和勇气从木马上下来。

Good Usage （Para. 1） lose your taste for them

Good Usage （Para. 2）

a two-career couple bought with a large loan

take an interest in the concept of “voluntary simplicity” it turned out

the brief time before work and the tired hours afterward

Good Usage (Paras. 3-4)

trade two full-time careers for two half-time careers curtail consumption

things that contributed to their major goal

the construction of a world where family and friendship, work and play, were all of a piece

not make wasteful use of the earth’s resources

Good Usage (Para. 5)

a handsome, energy-efficient home by most standards

a living area defined by …

in harmony with its surroundings

Good Usage (Para. 6) part-time freelance jobs

maintain a high standard of living

Good Usage (Para. 7) the expensive clutter over-the-counter drugs crowded with throw away

giving things away sifting and discarding

keeping track of what they have have a clear idea of

Good Usage (Para. 8)

hand-thrown pottery dishes are … saturated with

Good Usage (Para. 9)

exchanged the expenses of work in a commuter age frequent dinners out first-run movies in return

Good Usage (Paras. 10-11) it doesn’t matter simplifying life

socially sanctioned irrational behavior

Good Usage (Paras. 12-13)

accompanying my daughter on a shopping trip

came across

a pair of “bargain” sandals too handsome to resist in the parking lot

I felt like a child, helpless in the face of my own impulses. a world of illusion

this shopping merry-go-round we ride

find the resolve and the courage to dismount

Key Words and Expressions for Text A

strip vt. remove inessential, irrelevant or superficial matter from 除去……的不必要细节，使精练

e.g. 1. His book aims to strip away the lies surrounding the life and death of Robert Kennedy.

2. If you strip out food, China’s core inflation is holding at just 1.6%. 如果除去食品，中国的核心通货膨胀率只有1.6%。

strip down to sth. remove parts of sth. or the covering of sth. so that the most important part remains使精练或简化至……；剥去（只剩下……）

e.g. 1. The climbers were stripped down to their basic outfit (装备) in order to ensure a perfect performance.

2. American actress Megan Fox will strip down to her underwear for Giorgio

Armani’s Emporio Armani fashion brand, the Italian design house said on Wednesday.

意大利阿玛尼设计公司周三表示，美国女演员梅根・福克斯将担任乔治・阿玛尼副线品牌安普里奥・阿玛尼的内衣代言人。

bare a. of the very least amount that one needs to do sth. 刚刚够的，勉强的；少的，微小的；最低限度的

e.g. 1. If you ask her about herself, she gives only the barest of details.

2. The army would try to hold the western desert with a bare minimum of forces.

军队会用尽可能少的兵力扼守西部的沙漠。

wasteful a. tending to waste things 浪费的；挥霍的

e.g. 1. That’s so wasteful to throw away a clean sheet of paper.

2. This kind of training is ineffective, and wasteful of scarce resources.

这种训练没有效率，而且是对稀缺资源的浪费。

take an interest in give attention to, become concerned with, or learn about (sth.) 对……感兴趣；关注……

e.g. 1. My 8-year-old girl has taken an interest in science fiction.

2. As soon as a baby is born. He often begins to take an interest in the world around him.

婴儿一出世，就会开始对周围的世界发生兴趣。

simplicity n. [U] the quality of being simple and not complicated, esp. when this is attractive or useful 简单，朴素

e.g. 1. Her clothes were characterized by their simplicity and good taste.

2. A timeless comic actor — his simplicity and his apparent ease are matchless.

作为喜剧界的常青树 —— 他的简单淳朴与自然大方无人能及。

raise vt. produce, cause to grow or develop, and look after (living things) 抚养，养育；饲养；种植

e.g. 1. It was time for Diana to settle down and raise a family.

2. My mother was an amazing woman. She raised four of us kids virtually

singlehandedly.

我的母亲是位了不起的女性。她几乎是一个人把我们四个孩子带大

的。

it turns out (that) it happens (that), it is found (that) 结果（是），原来（是），证明（是）

e.g. 1. It turned out that Ann was a courageous girl who would not abandon her

quest for the truth.

2. It turns out that we were more successful than we had anticipated. 结果比我们原先设想的还要好。

trade vt. [(for)] exchange (a product, goods, etc.) [常与for连用]用……交换（产品、货物等）

e.g. 1. I’ll trade you some of my chocolate for some of your ice cream.

2. They suspected that Neville had traded secret information with Mr. Foster.

他们怀疑内维尔和福斯特先生交换了秘密情报。

consumption n. [U (of)] the act of consuming or an amount consumed [常与of连用]消费，消耗；消费（耗）量

e.g. 1. During the Depression of the 1930s and on into the Second World War,

alcohol consumption fell significantly.

2. The average daily consumption of fruit and vegetables is around 200 grams.

每日平均果蔬摄入量约为200克。

be (all) of a piece be like each other in character, all the same or similar 与……同一性质的，一致的；相同或相似的

e.g. 1. All these years he has been trying to keep family life and work all of a piece. 2. His action is always of a piece with what he says.

他总是言行一致。

furnish vt. put furniture in; supply with furniture 陈设家具于……；为……配备家具 e.g. 1. His house is furnished with things he’s collected on his travels round the world.

2. Many proprietors try to furnish their hotels with antiques. 许多经营者都想用古董装饰他们的酒店。

maintain vt. keep (sth.) in good condition by making repairs to it and taking care of it 维修，保养

e.g. 1. The company is responsible for maintaining public telephone booths. 2. She may not have the money to maintain or restore her property. 她可能没有足够的钱来维护或修葺她的房产。

discard vt. get rid of as useless 丢弃；抛弃

e.g. 1. The library has recently discarded around 1000 social science books

because they are terribly out of date.

2. Read the manufacturer's guidelines before discarding the box.

在丢掉盒子前先看一下制造商的使用说明。

keep track of sth. keep oneself informed about a person, situation, etc. （时刻）了解（……的）动态；掌握（……的）线索

e.g. 1. Write down the names of people you meet, and then keep track of them. 2. Through internet banking, they can keep track of their savings and

expenditure from home.

通过网上银行，他们可以在家里就了解到自己的储蓄和支出状况。

temptation n. sth. very attractive, a thing or situation that tempts one 很有诱惑力的东西；吸引人的场面

e.g. 1. There is always a temptation to blame others for one’s own problems. 2. Push against temptation and you will get muscle in your character. 如果你能抵制诱惑，你的性格就会坚强起来。

in return in exchange or as payment 作为交换；作为回报

e.g. 1. They are letting us use their computer, and in return we are giving them the

results of our research.

2. These are gestures of genuine friendship with no favours expected in return. 这是友谊的真正表现，不期待任何回报。

simplify vt. make plainer, easier, or less full of detail 使简易，使单纯，简化 e.g. 1. These gadgets do simplify food preparation, but are they really worth the money?

2. He reduced his needs to the minimum by simplifying his life.

他过上了一种简单的生活，将自己的需求降到最低限度。

sanction vt. fml accept, approve, or permit, esp. officially; authorize 〖正式〗（尤指正式地）批准；认可

e.g. 1. The government was reluctant to sanction intervention in the crisis. 2. He seemed to be preparing to sanction an increase in public borrowing.

他似乎正准备批准增加公共贷款。

bargain n. sth. for sale or bought for less than its real value 便宜货，廉价货 e.g. 1. I got this shirt when I was in Indonesia. It was a real bargain.

2. Don’t be left standing, ladies and gents, while a bargain slips past your eyes. 别只顾站着，女士们先生们，便宜货就要从你们的眼皮底下溜走喽。

resolve n. a firm decision; determination 决心，决意

e.g. 1. The latest unemployment figures should strengthen the government’s

resolve to tackle the problem.

2. This did not shake his resolve.

这事并未动摇他的决心。

CF: resolution, decision, determination, resolve 这些名词均含“决定，决心”之意。

resolution指自觉地正式表示的决心，含极强的主观能动意味。例如： They made a resolution to lose all the weight gained during the Christmas holidays. decision既可指重大的或一般的决定或决心，又可指在多种情况下作出果断的抉择，毫不犹豫地采取行动。例如： He is very much a man of decision and action. determination侧重坚定不移的顽强意志力。例如： There was an expression of fierce determination on her face.

resolve语气较强，强调克服感情上的软弱，下决心干具体的一件事。例如： This will strengthen the American public's resolve to go to war.

Difficult Sentences for Text A

1. “What we’re talking about is simplification, not deprivation,” explains Sara, a friend of mine. (Para. 1)

Q: What is the implied meaning of the italicized part of the sentence?

A: According to Sara, making their life simpler does not mean that they have denied themselves of what they really need and enjoy, as their desires have shrunk.

Q: Translate this sentence into Chinese.

A: “我们讨论的是简化生活，而不是物质匮乏，”我的朋友萨拉解释说。 2. “That yearning feeling that’s so much a part of this culture goes on forever,” says Sara. (Para. 10)

Q: What is the implied meaning of the italicized part of the sentence?

A: The strong desire for more material things which is a large part of the American culture goes on forever. The sentence implies that since most

Americans are heavily dependent on modern conveniences and electronic gadgets, it is by no means easy to shake off their consumption habits.

Q: Translate this sentence into Chinese.

A: “那种渴望获得更多东西的感觉是我们这个文化的一个重要组成部分，而且还会永远继续下去，”萨拉说。

3. When I stood in the parking lot, $11 poorer, no happier on leaving the store than I had been entering it, I felt like a child, helpless in the face of my own impulses. (Para. 12)

Q: What is the implied meaning of the italicized part of the sentence?

A: The author failed to resist the temptation of buying the inexpensive towel and the sandals, which cost her just 11 dollars, but the shopping experience did not make her happier or satisfied, for what she bought was not what she really needed. Upon self-reflection she felt lost because of her impulse buying, as if she were just a child who does not know how to control her desires and cannot act sensibly.

Q: Translate this sentence into Chinese.

A:站在停车场时，我感觉自己花了11美元离开商店之后并没有比进商店时更加开心，此时此刻我觉得自己就像个孩子，面对自己的一时冲动竟会不由自主。

4. It is a world of illusion, this shopping merry-go-round we ride, but with all the action and excitement, it is sometimes hard to find the resolve and the courage to dismount. (Para. 13)

Q: What is the implied meaning of the italicized part of the sentence?

A: Influenced by the myths of American consumerism, going shopping is just like riding a merry-go-round, which goes round and round without getting anywhere. It’s often so exciting that it is sometimes difficult to find the determination and courage to give up impulse buying.

Q: Translate this sentence into Chinese.

A: 我们乘坐的这只购物旋转木马，其实是一个幻觉世界，但由于它不停地旋转并富有刺激性，有时我们很难找到决心和勇气从木马上下来。

Extended Questions

▇ Extended questions (Paras. 3-4)

Q: Would you choose to make the same decision as Sara and Michael did if you were put in their position

A: (Open)

● Yes, I think I would, because family and children are the most important source of happiness in my life. Making more money does not necessarily bring me more happiness to my home life.

● No, I would not follow their example. I still believe that working hard to make more money is the only solution to ease one’s financial pressure, and I don’t think it wise for every couple to raise their children and see them grow up all by themselves. We should develop better childcare services and train more childcare workers, and society as a whole should attach greater importance to early childhood education. One should not sacrifice one’s career just for the sake of childcare. To me, career development is more important than one’s home life, for without a good career, there would be no justified grounds for a happy family life. ▇ Extended questions (Para. 5)

Q: Do you think it is an easy matter to make a change in one’s lifestyle Why or why not

A: No. It is by no means an easy matter to change one’s lifestyle, especially when one decides to give up what are considered to be the “good things” in life and to strip down to bare essentials. The reasons are complicated. For one thing, humans tend to be resistant to change; for another, not many people can free themselves from material instincts and the mentality of “keeping up with the Joneses”. As a matter of fact, we all wish to own more under the influence of today’s consumerism. So, for most of the people who are still struggling to improve their material life, they don’t have the guts to strip down to bare essentials. In my opinion, to change one’s

lifestyle involves a radical change in one’s attitude towards life, the meaning of life and the meaning of happiness.

▇ Extended questions (Para. 8)

Q: Could you live a life without modern conveniences or electronic devices?

A: (Open)

● To be honest, I don’t think I could live comfortably without such modern

conveniences as the refrigerator, the air-conditioner, the home computer, and TV, for they are the basic necessities of a modern and comfortable life, for which society encourages us to work for. However, I do try to live frugally and be

economical with natural resources. That is why I don’t use paper products or any other environment-unfriendly things or devices.

● Well, I don’t think it a well-formed question. I would rather put the question this way: “Would you prefer to live a life without modern conveniences or

electronic devices?” One man’s meat is another man’s poison. It is just a matter of preference. But a happy and comfortable life is not measured solely by the amount of modern conveniences or electronic devices one owns or makes use of.

▇ Extended questions (Paras. 10-11)

Q: Do you think that “yearning feeling” is also a part of Chinese culture?

A: Yes, I think so. With the development of the economy, many Chinese people, especially the young, are very much affected by modern consumerism. They wish to possess more material things and are pursuing a lifestyle that is characterized by splendid residences, luxury goods, fashionable cars, and extravagant clothing, etc. For this purpose, they have to turn themselves into “working machines”. They cannot distinguish between their “needs” and their “wants”, and have wasted a lot of money and energy on their unnecessary “wants”.

Q: Some people may argue that if we all lived a simple life like Sara and Michael’s, it would be pointless to develop technology and the economy. What is your view on this issue?

A: I think Sara and Michael may have gone to the extreme in their pursuit of a simple lifestyle. To me, a simple lifestyle means that I live to work and I work to satisfy my “needs” but not my “wants”. For example, I may still enjoy the use of hi-tech products as long as I’m really in need of them and don’t make wasteful use of them.

▇ Extended questions (Paras. 12-13) Q: Are you an impulse buyer?

A: Yes, I’m afraid I am. If I come across something I like, I will buy it immediately without thinking whether it is really of use to me.

Q: Do you think we should promote a simple lifestyle in China

A: Yes. Many people in our country are pursuing a luxurious lifestyle. They consume more products than they really need and waste valuable natural and social resources. A simpler lifestyle may help save the resources to a certain extent. I think that as time goes by, more and more people will learn to live a simple and frugal life.

Section C Voicing Your Views

▇ Work in pairs and voice your views on the following issues related to lifestyles. 1. What are the problems of today’s consumer economy?

Problems of Today’s Consumer Economy 1. Impulse buying, i.e. buying things without previous planning and without thinking about whether one truly needs them or not; 2. 3. 4. 5.

2. Do you prefer a simple or a luxurious lifestyle Explain.

3. How could you simplify your present lifestyle

Fill in the table below with your ways to a simple college lifestyle.

Ways to a Simple College Lifestyle 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. …

▇ Answers for reference: 1. Possible answers:

Problems of Today’s Consumer Economy 1. Impulse buying, i.e. buying things without previous planning and without thinking about whether one truly needs them or not; 2. Brandname loyalty, i.e. the tendency of customers to continue buying the same (often expensive) brand; 3. The emergence of a throwaway economy, i.e. products are not made to last long and there is nothing wrong with throwing things away even if they are still useful in some way; 25

4. Irrational consumption of the earth’s resources; 5. The mentality of following trends and fads. 2. (Open.) I prefer a simple college lifestyle. I think luxurious lifestyles are for rich people with plenty of leisure time. I would live according to my “needs” rather than my “wants”. 3. (Open.)

Ways to a Simple College Lifestyle 1. Making plans before shopping and only buying things that are truly needed. 2. Traveling around the campus on foot or by bike instead of by shuttle bus. 3. Using public phones instead of mobile phones. 4. Using environment-friendly products. 5. Resisting the temptation of fads and trends. 6. Borrowing books, magazines from the library instead of buying them. …

Text B

Section A Key Words and Expressions Key Words: plain ad. standing a. numerous a. roll vt. fraction n. plain ad. infml completely 〖非正式〗完全地

downsize vt. e.g. When Stella realized that she was just plain lost in the jungle, she got scared.

The food was just plain terrible.

standing a. continuing in use or in force; permanent 长期存在的；长期有效的；长期不变的

e.g. Every point won by our basketball team received a wild, standing ovation (喝彩).

Israel has a relatively small standing army and its strength is based on its

reserves.

numerous a. rather fml many 〖较正式〗许多的，很多的

e.g. Numerous books and movies have dealt with the issue of drug abuse.

Despite numerous attempts to diet, her weight soared.

downsize vt. make (sth.) smaller 将（某物）改小

e.g. For the sake of convenience, you’d better downsize your luggage.

American manufacturing organizations have been downsizing their factories.

roll vt. form into a tube or other shape by curling round and round 卷；把……卷成筒状

e.g. There’s a lot of work to do, so roll up your sleeves and get busy.

In mid-afternoon, shopkeepers began to roll down their shutters.

fraction n. [(of)] a very small piece or amount [常与of连用]小部分；少量；一点儿

e.g. The average income is high, though many people earn just a fraction of that average.

She hesitated for a fraction of a second before responding.

Expressions: look back eat out cut out write out

look back think of the past 回顾

e.g. Reviewing history involves looking back over what happened in a non-judgmental way.

Looking back, I am staggered how easily it was all arranged.

eat out have a meal in a restaurant 去餐馆吃饭

e.g. He proposed to eat out in a luxury restaurant to celebrate the special day.

We had to eat out all the time. It ended up costing a fortune.

cut out infml leave out; stop (esp. a harmful activity) 〖非正式〗戒除，改掉（坏习惯等），停止

e.g. Since my heart attack, I’ve cut out fatty foods altogether.

The doctor said I must cut overwork out.

write out fill out or complete (a sheet, check, or similar) in this way 填写（表格、支票等）

e.g. Please will you write out the form with your name and address in full.

We had to write out a list of ten jobs we’d like to do.

Section B Difficult Sentences

1. The most reasonable and surest way to achieve my goal was to just quit the

corporate world for good, and then deal with the aftermath in a very positive way. (Para. 2)

Q: What is the implied meaning of the italicized part of the sentence?

A: If I wanted to live a simpler life, it would be best for me first to quit my job, and then to think positively of what was going to happen to my life. Q: Please translate this sentence into Chinese.

A: 为了达成目标，最理智而且最有把握的方式就是永久地离开公司圈子，然后能够坦然地处理其后果。

2. My husband could care less what type of house we lived in, but I had initial

difficulty because nothing “fit” properly according to my former lifestyle.(Para. 6) Q: What is the implied meaning of the italicized part of the sentence?

A: My husband did not have any difficulty in adjusting to our new home, but I encountered some problems at the beginning because none of my possessions was suitable for the new home which was much smaller than the previous one. Q: Please translate this sentence into Chinese.

A: 我丈夫可以不管我们住什么样的房子，但我在开始时却遇到了一些困难，因为根据我们先前的生活方式，没有一件东西排放到位。

3. I found that if I minded the pennies, the dollars would take care of themselves. (Para. 7)

Q: What is the implied meaning of the italicized part of the sentence?

A: I realized that if I was careful in dealing with small sums of money, I could save a lot.

Q: Please translate this sentence into Chinese. A: 我发现，只有注意存小钱，才会积累出大钱。

4. Credit cards breed carelessness in me when it comes to handling money and yet cold, hard cash in my hand is likely to stay in my hand! (Para. 13)

Q: What is the implied meaning of the italicized part of the sentence?

A: Using a credit card makes my spending less careful. With a credit card, I tend to purchase things on impulse, but with hard cash in my hand, I am careful with my spending and can save money.

Q: Please translate this sentence into Chinese.

A: 花钱时，用信用卡会让我不假思索，而手里如果拿着冷冰冰、硬邦邦的现金很可能就不舍得花出去了！

5. Today, our lifestyle is very simple, very frugal but not stingy towards us or the things we want to do. (Para. 15)

Q: What is the implied meaning of the italicized part of the sentence?

A: Though we live a simple and frugal life, we do not deny ourselves of what we like and enjoy. We still live a happy and fulfilling life. Q: Please translate this sentence into Chinese.

A: 现在，我们的生活方式很简单，很节俭但是对于我们自己或者我们想做的事情来说也不算是吝啬。

Section C COMPREHENSION QUESTIONS

▇ Comprehension questions (Paras. 1-2)

Q: Why did the author want to change her lifestyle

A: When she was in her early fifties, she got tired of working just for the luxuries of life. She wanted less stress and longed for a simpler lifestyle.

Q: What was the first step she took to achieve her goal — a simpler life?

A: She quit her job and took a positive attitude towards the subsequent changes in her life.

▇ Comprehension questions (Paras. 3-5)

Q: How did the author prepare herself for the change in her lifestyle

A: She listed on the paper all the changes that should be made, including planning carefully her husband’s income and trying to get additional sources of income. Q: What changes did she make toward her goal of a simpler life?

A: She canceled the regular weekly appointment at the beauty salon; she cut down on eating out; she sold her big house and moved into a smaller one; she downsized their possessions through garage and consignment sales. Q: Why did the couple move to a smaller house?

A: Their previous house was too big and costly for the two of them, who were both yearning for a simpler lifestyle.

▇ Comprehension questions (Para. 6)

Q: What was the first problem the couple had to face after moving to the new home?

A: It took them some time to get used to the smaller home. The husband was not bothered much by its small size, but the wife had difficulty arranging her possessions, which still proved to be too many for her new home.

Q: What was the rule she set up for herself when tidying up her new home?

A: The rule was that she had to be able to see all three walls of any cupboard or closet to avoid clutter or unnecessary stuff. ▇ Comprehension questions (Paras. 7-14)

Q: Was the author good at managing the family purse in the past?

A: No, she did not have a significant savings program in the past, and she might have wasted a lot of the family financial resources on unnecessary stuff.

Q: How did she tackle the financial problems of not having enough savings?

A: She cut out all the unnecessary spending in her daily life, and she also became very careful in managing money. Below are some examples: ● She stripped down her wardrobe to basic clothes (Para. 8).

● She cancelled magazine subscriptions or daily newspaper (Para. 9).

● She started saving daily change and banking it in the savings account (Para. 10).

● She gave up the extra car (Para. 11).

● She carried only one credit card (Para. 12) and paid cash for daily expenses (Para. 12).

● She planned holiday carefully and spent less money on gifts (Para. 14). Q: Why did she become so frugal with money?

A: She wanted to live a simple lifestyle and she didn’t want to be compelled to take up a job again. Besides, she had come to know that if she “minded the pennies, the dollars would take care of themselves.”

Q: How did they manage to spend only a fraction of their original cost on nice gifts and holidays?

A: They didn’t mean to cut out gifts and holidays. Instead, they made their holiday and purchase plans carefully, and they often looked for the special offers in shops. In this way, they could still enjoy holidays and prepare nice gifts on less money.

▇ Comprehension questions (Para. 15)

Q: What is the couple’s life like today?

A: They are now living a very simple and frugal life, free from stress and anxieties. They enjoy their new life very much, and feel happier and more secure than ever before.

Q: What is the “secret” of their simple yet happy life?

A: The “secret”, if there is one, is that they base their life on their “needs”, not on their “wants”, and they know clearly what they need from life.

Part IV Optional Classroom Activities ■Your lifestyle has a huge impact not only on your physical health, but also on your mental well-being and overall sense of happiness. What do you think of YOUR lifestyle And do you want to improve it Write your answers to the

questions in Table 1, then work in pairs and write out the ways to improve your lifestyle in Table 2.

Table 1 1. How many hours do you sleep every day? Answer: 2. How do you feel when you wake up? Answer: 3. How often do you do physical exercise? Answer: 4. What is your diet like? Answer: 5. Do you smoke and drink alcohol? Answer: 6. How do you relax? Answer: 7. How do you deal with anger and depression? Answer: 8. Do you like learning new things? Answer: 31

9. Are you able to balance your budget? Answer: 10. How is your relationship with your family and friends? Answer: Table 2 Ways to improve my lifestyle 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

Part V Enhance Your Language Awareness

Section A Useful Expressions Useful Expressions from Text A Chinese Equivalences strip down to 只剩下 lose taste for 失去兴趣 It turns out that… 结果是…… restrict to 局限于 trade for 交换 curtail consumption 削减开支 be all of a piece 融为一体 energy-efficient home 节能的房子 solar greenhouse 太阳能温室 over-the-counter drugs 非处方药 keep track of 时刻了解 be saturated with 充满 commuter age 通勤时代 processed food 加工过的食品 first-run movies 首映电影 thrift shops 廉价旧货店 yearning feeling 渴望更多东西的感觉 irrational behavior 不理智的行为 Useful Expressions from Text B long for be tired of achieve one’s goal look back based on Chinese Equivalences 渴望厌倦达到目标回顾基于 32

meet one’s needs at a fraction of the cost devoid of … 满足需求用一小部分开支没有……

Section B Grammar in Context

虚拟条件句

虚拟条件句往往指不能实现或纯假想的情况，可以对过去、现在或将来进行假想。

一、对现在情况的虚拟

条件从句中谓语动词用一般过去式，主句用“would / should / might / could + 动词原形”形式，表示对现在不可能实现情况的假想。例如：

If I won a million dollars, I’d give it to charities.

If you didn’t stay up till late every evening, you wouldn’t feel so sleepy in the morning.

注意：在条件从句中，如果谓语动词是be的形式，不管主语是单数还是复数，书面语中用were, 而口语中如果是单数，也可以用was, 不过在if I were ... 中一般用were。例如：

If she were trying harder, her parents would not be anxious. If I were you, I would give him a good lesson.

二、对过去情况的虚拟

条件从句中谓语动词用过去完成式，主语用“would / could / should / might + have + 动词的过去分词”形式。例如：

If it had not been for your help yesterday, I could not have caught the bus.

Longingly, I feel how much more good I could have done if I had only acquired natural speech. (Helen Keller)

三、对将来情况的虚拟

在表示与将来事实相反的条件从句中，谓语动词可用should do, were to do或动词的过去式三种形式表示，但意义略有不同。should表示的可能性最大，动词过去式的可能性次之，were to do 的可能性最小。例如： If things were to be twice，all would be wise.

在书面语中，如果条件句的谓语有were，had或should等词，可以将if省略，但要把were，had或should放在句首来表示虚拟语气，在意义上与带有if的条件从句相同。例如：

Were she in charge ( = If she were in charge), she would do things differently. Should I be free tomorrow (= If I should be free tomorrow), I would come.

Now, please do the tasks on Pages 154-155 in your textbook.

Section C Theme-Related Writing

▇ Write a composition of no less than 150 words on the topic “Healthy Lifestyles”. Your writing should cover the following points:

1) your understanding of a healthy lifestyle 2) the advantages of living a healthy lifestyle 3) ways to develop a healthy lifestyle

▆ Sample essay

Healthy Lifestyles

Different people have different interpretations of a healthy lifestyle. To me, a healthy lifestyle means living in a way that helps us to be physically, mentally and emotionally healthy.

We can benefit a lot from living a healthy lifestyle. On the one hand, a healthy lifestyle can give us a strong body, increase our life expectancy, and help us form good living habits. On the other hand, a healthy lifestyle enhances self-esteem and confidence, reduces stress and pressure, and enables us to develop a positive outlook and live in harmony with each other. In short, a healthy lifestyle improves our overall sense of well-being and happiness.

There are many ways to develop a healthy lifestyle. We need to exercise

regularly, keep a balanced diet, and avoid alcohol and cigarettes. It would also help if

we could balance our time for work and play, and find ways to release stress and pressure. With such efforts, we will be able to live in a way that contributes to our physical, mental, and emotional health.

(172 words)

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新世纪大学英语4(第二版)综合教程第4册Unit5 答案2