现在完成时用于过去发生的动作或状态与现在的联系，包括对现在的影响、造成的结果以及动作的持续等。现在完成时的形式是由“have/has + 过去分词”构成。
1。1 现在完成时的构成
肯定句：主语 + have/has + 过去分词...
否定句：主语 + have/has + not + 过去分词。。。 疑问句：Have/Has + 主语 + 过去分词。.。?
疑问代词/疑问副词 + have/has + 主语 + 过去分词...?
肯定句
I / You have seen it
否定句
一般疑问
句
简答
Yes, I have. No, I haven't.
I / You have not seen
Have you seen it?
it
He / She / It has He / She / It has not
Has he seen it ？
seen it seen it
We / You / They have We / You / They have Have they seen it？ seen it。 not seen it.
Yes, he has。 No， he hasn’t.
Yes， they have.
No, they haven't。
1.2 现在完成时的肯定句
句型:主语（第三人称单数以外的人称) + have 主语(第三人称单数）+ has +
现在完成时的肯定句由助动词have/has加过去分词构成: He’s gone shopping.他去买东西了。
I’ve never been to Paris。我从未到过巴黎。
108
1。3 现在完成时的否定句
句型:主语 + have/has + not + 过去分词。.。
现在完成时的否定句是在助动词have/has后加not，之后是过去分词: I haven't seen him for a long time。我已经很久没见到他了。
The road hasn't been cleaned since it snowed。自下过雪以后这条路一直没有清扫过。
1。4 现在完成时的一般疑问句
句型： Have/Has + 主语 + 过去分词.。.? 回答方式：Yes，主语 + have/has。 No，主语 + have/has + not。
现在完成时的一般疑问句是将助动词have/has置于主语之前（大写have/has后的第一个字母）,在句尾加问号；这种语序是倒装语序:
Have you done it？ —Yes,I have./No,I haven’t.你做这件事了吗？ ——是的，我做完了。/不,我没有。
Have you ever been to India? —Yes，I have./No，I haven't。你去过印度吗? —-是的，我去过./不，我没去过。
Have you met your new neighbors？ —Not so far.你见过你的新邻居没有？ ——至今还没有.
1.5 现在完成时的特殊疑问句
句型：疑问代词/疑问副词 + have/has + 主语 + 过去分词..。？
现在完成时的特殊疑问句是将疑问代词/疑问副词置于助动词have/has之前（have/has的第一
108个字母无需大写），和一般疑问句差不多;这种语序是倒装语序.就主语提问时，将疑问代词或带有疑问限定词的名词词组置于助动词have/has之前,在句尾加问号；这种语序是陈述句语序： Where have you been all this while？ 这一阵子你在哪里?
What book shave you read on this subject？ 你读过哪些关于这方面的书? What have you been busy with recently？ 最近你在忙什么?
1。6 现在完成时的用法 1。表示结束、结果
现在完成时表示一个过去发生并结束的动作对现在产生的影响.这一类情况可以细分为下述两种情况：
表示开始于过去的动作刚刚结束。常和already（已经)，just（刚刚）,now（现在），yet（迄今、还),not。。.yet(还没有)等连用：I’ve already read that book.我已经读过那本书. You're too late；the train has just left.你来得太完了，火车刚开走. 表示过去动作的结果，现在仍残留着；一般不用时间状语： It has just snowed。刚刚下过雪。（地上有积雪) I have lost my watch.我把手表丢了。（现在仍未找到）
The concert has started。 We have to look for our seats in the dark。音乐会已经开始了，我们得在黑暗中找座位。
The president’s sudden death has left the country leaderless。总统突然去世，使该国处于无领袖状态。 2.表示继续
表示过去已经开始，持续到现在，仍要继续下去的动作或状态。往往和表示一段时间包括现在时间在内的状语连用，如today（今天)，this week/month（本周/月），lately（最近），recently
108（最近），these days（这些日子),in the past few years（在过去的几年里）,since(从……以来）,since yesterday（从昨天以来)，for a long time（很长时间)，for a month/several years（一个月/几年)，so far（迄今为止），up to now(直到现在),till/until now(直到现在)等：
He's known me for over twenty years.他和我相识已20多年了。 Has he studied French very long? 他学习法语很久了吗?
How long have you studied English? 你学英语多久了? （现在仍在学）
Up to now/Until now we’ve had no problems。直到现在为止，我们没有碰到任何问题。 3。表示经历和经验
表示从过去到现在之间经历过的事情.常和often（常常），never（从来没有），ever(曾经），once（一次),twice（两次)，three times（三次），before（在……之前），since（自……以来）等连用：
Haven't I seen you before？ 我以前见过你吧?
He has known both grief and happiness。悲伤和欢乐的滋味他都尝过。 We have not been to the cinema recently.我们最近没有去过电影院。 I have not seen that film yet.我还没有看过那部电影。
Her husband died ten years ago，but she has since remarried.她丈夫10年前去世，她后来又嫁人了。
I’ve read the novel twice。这部小说我看了两遍.
I've never been so annoyed in all my life!（=I was extremely annoyed）我这一生从没有这样恼火过! 4.用于状语从句
在时间或条件状语从句中，通常用现在完成时代替将来完成时,表示将来某一时刻前业已完成的动作：
108Tell me what you think of the book when you've read it.你看完这本书后,告诉我你的想法。
We’ll start at2 o'clock pm if it has stopped raining by then。我们将于下午2点开始，如果那时雨停了的话.
5.关于瞬时(短暂）动作动词的用法
终止性动词（亦称点动词）如come（来)，go（去)，leave（离开），buy（买),borrow（借），join（参加）,die（去世）,marry（结婚），lose(失去)，begin（开始）,stop（停止），get up（起床）等表示的动作有一个终点，到了终点就不再延续。也就是说,此类动词只表示短暂的动作,因此不能与表示延续的时间状语连用: 不可以说：I've left New York for three days。
可以说:I've been away from New York for three days。（这时需要 使用be动词来表示延续的状态）
可以说：I left New York three days ago。我是3天前离开纽约的。
如果现在完成时的谓语动词是持续较短的动态动词(点动词），通常用否定结构；在这种情况下可以和表示一段时间的短语连用.因为点动词的这种否定结构构成一种状态，而这一状态是可以持续的：
They haven't written to me for 3 years.他们有3年没有给我写信了。
She hasn’t left home for several days.她已有几天没有出门了。（表示“足不出户”这一状态）
They haven't visited us since 2000.自2000年以来他们就没有拜访过我们. 表示短暂动作的动词用于完成时,通常表示目前的结果:
She's recovered from her illness。她已经痊愈.（含义是：目前状况良好）
I must go back;I've left（=forgotten to bring)my car keys(be-hind）。我必须回去，我
108忘了带汽车钥匙。（含义是：我现在开不了汽车门.）
English has borrowed words from many languages.英语借用了很多其他语言的词汇。（含义是：仍会借用其他语言的词汇。)
现在完成时练习题108道
一、选择填空及问答
1. Both his parents look sad 。 Maybe they ______what’s happened to him .
A。 knew
B. have known
C. must know
D. will know2. Kate's never seen Chinese films， ____ ？
A。 hasn’t she B。 has she
C。 isn’t she
D。 is she
3. He has _______ been to Shanghai， has he？
A. already B。 never
C。 ever
still
4。 — Our country ______ a lot so far. - Yes. I hope it will be even ______ . A。 has changed; well
B。 changed； good C. has changed； better
D。 changed; better
D.
1085. We ______ Xiao Li since she was a little girl .
A. know
B. had known
C. have known
D. knew
6。 The famous writer _____ one new book in the past two year .
A. is writing B. was writing
C。wrote
written
7。 Zhao Lan ______already ______in this school for two years 。
A。 was ; studying B。 will ； study C. has ； studied
D。 are ； studying
8. Have you met Mr。 Li ______?
A。 just
B。 ago
C。 before
D. a moment ago9. His uncle has already posted the photos to him. （改为否定句） His uncle ______ posted the photos to him ______
10。 — Mum, may I go out and play basketball? — ______you______ your homework yet？ A. Do; finish
B. Are; finishing C。 Did； finish
D。 Have； finished
D. has
10811。 The famous writer _____ one new book in the past two year .
A. is writing
B。 was writing
C. wrote
D。 has written
12。 Kate's never seen Chinese films,____ ?
A。 hasn’t she
B。 has she
C. isn't she
D. is she
13. Both his parents look sad . Maybe they _________what's happened to him .
A。 knew
D.will know
B。 have known C。 must know
14. He has _______ been to Shanghai， has he？
A。 already
B. never
C. ever
D. still
15. Tom ______ the CD player for two weeks。
A。 has lent
B。 has borrowed D. has had
C。 has bought
16。 We ______ Xiao Li since she was a little girl。
A。 know
B。 had known
C。 have known
D。 knew
17. - ______ you ___ your homework yet ？
- Yes 。 I _____ it a moment ago . A。 Did; do; finished
B. Have； done； finished
108C。 Have; done; have finished D。 will； do; finish
18。 Hurry up！ The play __________ for ten minutes .
A。 has begun C。 has been on
B。 had begun
D. began
19. She's _____________ （live) here ever since she was ten.（用时态填空） 20。 His father ______ the Party since 1978.
A. joined in
21. - ______ my glasses？
— Yes, I saw them on your bed a minute ago。 A。 Do you see Have you seen
22. It _____ten years since he left the army .
A。is
B。 has
C。 will
D. was
B。 Had you see
C。 Would you see D。
B. has joined
C。 was in
D. has been
23。 I ______ a letter from him since he left.
A。 didn't receive B. haven’t got haven’t heard
24。 Both of them ________________ （be） in Hong Kong for ten days.（用时态填空）
C. didn't have
D。
10825. Our teacher has studied Japanese ______ three years。(用since和for填空) 26。 My parents ______Shandong for ten years .
A. have been in
B。 have been to
D. have been
C。 have gone to
27. I wonder why Jenny ______ us recently. We should have heard from her by now。
A. hasn’t written C. won’t write
B。 doesn't write
D。 hadn’t written
28. — How long ______ David and Vicky ______ married？
— For about four years。 A. were； being C. have； been
B. have； got
D。 did； get
29。 Hurry up！ The play __________ for ten minutes 。
A. has begun C. has been on
B。 had begun D. began
30。 - ______ you ______anywhere before?
-Yes， but I can’t remember where I______
108A. Did; surf； surfed
B. Have； surfed； surfed
C. Did; surf; have surfed
D。 Have； surfed; have surfed
31。 The number of the students in our school _______ 1200.
A is added up to C adds up to
B has been added up to
D have added up to
32. Harry Potter is a very nice film .I_______ it twice .
A. will see
B。 have seen
C. saw
D. see
33。 These kinds of shoes ______ well.
A were not sold B won’t be sold
C are not sold D don't sell
34. The first use of atomic weapons was in 1945， and their power ______ increased
enormously ever since。 A. is
B。 was
C. has been D。 had been
35。 Years ago we didn’t know this, but recent science ______ that people who don't
sleep well soon get ill. A。 showed is showing
B. has shown
C。 will show D.
10836. The singer lived in California until he ______ to university.
A had sent
B was sending
D was sent
C had been sent
37。 We ______ Xiao Li since she was a little girl 。
A. know
B。 had known
C. have known
D。 knew
38。 The May 4th movement ______ in 1919.
A had taken place
B was taking place C was taken place
D took place
39. On returning home , I found I ______ umbrella in the office.
A had left
C left
B have left
D would leave
40. _______ that the earth was the centre of the universe。
A People were believing
B It was once believed
C People were once believed 41. Have you met Mr. Li ______?
A. just
B. ago
C. before
D。 a moment ago
D People were said
10842. — Our country ______ a lot so far .
— Yes . I hope it will be even ______ 。 A。 has changed； well C。 has changed； better
B。 changed； good
D. changed； better
43. We ______ Xiao Li since she was a little girl。
A. know
B. had known
C。 have known
D. knew
44。 - ______ you ___ your homework yet？
— Yes， I _____ it a moment ago。 A。 Did; do； finished
B。 Have; done; finished
D. will; do; finish
C. Have； done； have finished
46. I _______ such an interesting book before。 A。 was never reading
B. will never read
C. had never read
D. have never read
47。 The number of the students in our school _______ 1200.
A is added up to
B has been added up to
108C adds up to D have added up to
48。 — These farmers have been to the United States . - Really? When _____ there? A. will they go B. did they go C. do they go
D。 have they gone
49. — How _______ on with your English these days .
- Not bad。
A have you been getting
B are C did you get
D have you got
50。 Perhaps it will be a long time _______ from abroad. A. that Tom comes back
B。 before Tom comes back
C. when Tom will come back
D。 when Tom comes back
51. - Do you know him well？
- Sure 。We _________ friends since ten years ago. A。 were
B. have been
C。 have become you getting
D. have made
10852. - How long have you ____ here?
— About two months . A。 been
B。 gone
C。 come
D。 arrived
53. Hurry up! The play __________ for ten minutes 。
A. has begun C. has been on
B. had begun D. began
54。 It _____ ten years since he left the army 。
A。 is 55.
All the furniture in the building _______ to the company not to his own.
A。 is belonged
C。 belong
B belongs
B. has
C. will
D。 was
D. are belonged
56.
I don’t really work here。 I _______ until the new secretary arrives。
A. just help out
B. have just helped out C。 am just helping out
D. will just help out
10857.
The new secretary is supposed to report to the manager as soon as she _______.
A will arrive
B arrives
D is arriving
C is going to arrive
58。 As she _______ newspaper, Granny _______ asleep。
A read, was falling
B was reading, fell C was reading, was falling 59. - ______ you ___ your homework yet?
— Yes. I _____ it a moment ago.
A。 Did； do； finished finished
C。 Have； done； have finished D。 will； do; finish 60. My parents ______ Shandong for ten years.
A. have been in C. have gone to
B。 have been to D. have been
B。 Have; done；
D read， fall
61. The students have cleaned the classroom， ？
108A. so they B. don’t they C. have they D. haven't they
62. _______ has Mr White been a member of Greener China since he to China？
A. How soon， comes
B。 How often, got C. How long， came
D. How far， arrived
63. His uncle for more than 9 years.
A. has come here
B。 has started to work C. has lived there
D。 has left the university
64。 He _______ his leg when he _______ in a football match。
A broke, played
B was breaking， was playing C broke， was playing
D was breaking, played
65。 I don’t really work here. I _______ until the new secretary rives.
A. just help out
B. have just helped out C。 am just helping out
D。 will just help out
ar10866. — Do you like the material？
— Yes, it _______ very soft。 A is feeling
C feels
B felt
D is felt
67。 His father ______ the Party since 1978.
A. joined been in
68。 - Do you know him well？
— Sure .We _________ friends since ten years ago. A. were
B. have been
C。 have become D。 have made
B。 has joined
C。 was in
D。 has
69。 ________ has Mr. White been a member of Greener China since he _______ to Nanjing？
A. How soon, comes
B。 How often， got
D. How far， arrived
C. How long， came
70. His uncle________ for more than 9 years.
A. has come here
B。 has started to work
D. has left the university
C。 has lived there
71. He tells me he________ China for over five years
108A。 has been
B. has been in
D. has gone to China
C. has been to
72。 — You’ve agreed to go， so why aren’t you getting ready？
- But I _______ that you _______ us to start at once。 A don’t realize， want
B don’t realize， wanted
C haven’t realized， want
D didn’t realize， wanted
73。 The house is dirty. We _______it for weeks.
A didn’t clean C don’t clean
B hadn't cleaned D haven’t cleaned
74。 - _______ the sports meet might be put off。
- Yes， it all depends on the weather. A I’ve been told
C I'm told
B I’ve told
D I told
75 — I'm sorry to keep you waiting.
— Oh， not at all. I _______ here only a few minutes。
108A have been
C was
B had been D will be
76. — How long have you ____ here？
- About two months. A。 been arrived
77. — When shall we restart our business？
- Not until we ______ our plan. A。 will finish C。 are to finish
B。 are finishing
D。 have finished
B. gone
C。 come
D.
78. - We’ve spent too much money recently.
— Well， it isn’t surprising. Our friends and relatives ______ around all the time. A。 are coming C。 were coming
B. had come
D。 have been coming
79. — Why do you want to work for our company？
— This is the job that I ______ for. A. looked
B. am to look
108C. had looked D。 have been looking
80。 Miss Green isn't in the office。 she _______ to the library.
A。 has gone B。 went C. will go D。 has been 二、用“never， ever， already, just， yet， for， since”填空 81. I have _______ seen him before, so I have no idea about him. 82。 Jack has _________ finished his homework。
83. Mr。 Wang has taught in this school ________ ten years.
84。 “Have you ________ seen the film？” “No， I have ________ seen it.\" 85。 “Has the bus left _______？\" “Yes， it has _________ left。” 三、用have / has been to / in, have gone to及go的各种形式填空。 86。 Where is Jack? He __________ his country. 87. David ________ the park just now. 88。 John _______ England for 3 years。 89. How long _____ they _____ this village? 90。 The Smiths ______ Beijing for years。
91. _____ you ever ____ America？ —- Yes， I _____ there many times. 92。 I _____ this school since three years ago。 93。 Where is Jim？ He _____ the farm。
94。 When_____ he _____? He _______ an hour ago。
95. Would you like to _____ to the zoo with me？ - Yes， but I _____ there before。 96。 Where _____ you _____ now？ -—- I ____ to the zoo。 97。 He often _____ swimming.
98。 _____ you ______ there last year？
99。 _____ they often ______ skating in winter？
108100。 - How long ___________ he ___________ there?
— He _____________ there for three days。
四、句型转换
101。 I have been to Macau before。 (改为否定句）
I _________ _________ been to Macau before.
102. He hasn’t come to school because he was ill。 (就划线部分提问)
______ _______ he come to school?
103. I bough a new bike just now。 (用just改写)
I ____ just ____ a new bike。
104。 We began to learn English three years ago.（改为同义句）
We ____ ____English ____three years
105。 He has never surfed, _______ _______？ (改成反意疑问句） 106. They have been here since 2000。 （对划线部分提问）
_______ _______have they been here?
107. The old man _________ last year. He has _______ _______for a year。 (die) （动词填空）
108。 Miss Gao left an hour ago. (同义句转换） Miss Gao has _______ ________ ________ an hour。
108
参考答案：
1. B
解析：现在完成时主要强调过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响，或过去发生的动作还未结束，一直持续到现在或将来，重点在于对现在的影响。这种考查难度较大，往往无时间状语，需要从上下文分析、推理才行。故上两侧根据上下文分析、推理，正确答案是B。
2. B
解析：陈述句部分含否定词never，简略问句部分要用肯定式，又因Kate's是Kate has的缩写，故选B。
3. B
解析：现在完成时常与already(已经）just（刚刚,正好) 、ever（曾经）、never(从来,也不;从不）、before（以前 ）、yet(仍然）等连用。故应选B
4. C
解析：现在完成时常与recently(近来)，so far（到目前为止），in the past/”last + 一段时间”等时间状语连用。因为上述短语表示的是从现在起往前推算的一段时间，句中的动作是从过去某一时间或时刻开始持续到现在的。故应选C.
108 5. C
解析：现在完成时时常与\"for +时间段或since +过去时间点”连用(含从句，从句过去时)。故应选C。
6. D
解析：现在完成时常与recently（近来）,so far(到目前为止)，in the past/“last +一段时间”等时间状语连用.因为上述短语表示的是从现在起往前推算的一段时间,句中的动作是从过去某一时间或时刻开始持续到现在的。故应选D。
7. C
解析：现在完成时时常与“for +时间段或since +过去时间点”连用（含从句,从句过去时）。故应选C。
8. C
解析：现在完成时常与already(已经）just(刚刚,正好）、ever（曾经),never（从来，也不；从不)before(以前)、yet（仍然）等连用。故应选C。
9. hasn't, yet
解析：already常用在肯定句中，yet常用在否定句、疑问句中，故填hasn’t， yet。
10. D
解析：当句中有never， ever， just， already, yet, before等时，常用现在完成时。 故应选D
11. D
解析：现在完成时常与recently（近来），so far（到目前为止），in the past/”last + 一段时间”等时间状语连用.因为上述短语表示的是从现在起往前推算的一段时间,句中的动作是从
108过去某一时间或时刻开始持续到现在的。故应选D。
12. B
解析:陈述句部分含否定词never,简略问句部分要用肯定式,又因Kate’s是Kate has的缩写,故选B
13. B
解析：现在完成时主要强调过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响，或过去发生的动作还未结束，一直持续到现在或将来，重点在于对现在的影响。这种考查难度较大，往往无时间状语,需要从上下文分析、推理才行。故上两侧根据上下文分析、推理，正确答案是B。
14. B
解析： 现在完成时常与already（已经）,just（刚刚,正好），ever（曾经），never（从来，也不;从不)，before（以前），yet(仍然)等连用。故应选B。
15.
解析:A、B、C均为非延续性动词，在肯定句中不与表”段时间”的短语连用,故选D
16. C
解析：现在完成时时常与”for +时间段或since +过去时间点\"连用(含从句，从句过去时）。故应选C。
17. B
解析:现在完成时与一般过去时容易混淆，就是因为它们所表示的动作都发生在过去,但二者又有区别：一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的事、存在的状态或经常发生的动作，说话的侧重点在于陈述一件过去的事情，与现在没有关系；现在完成时表示与现在有关系的发生在过去的动作，它不与表示过去的时间状语(如yesterday， last week， a moment ago等）连用.故应选B.
108 18. C
解析：现在完成时中，非延续性动词不能与for和since引导的表示一段时间的状语连用,通常是用相应的延续性动词来代替。故应为C.
19. lived / has been living
解析：本题考查的是时态的运用，故应填lived / has been living
20. D
解析：现在完成时中,非延续性动词不能与for和since引导的表示一段时间的状语连用,通常是用相应的延续性动词来代替。故应选为D.
21. D
解析： 现在完成时表示过去发生的动作对现在的影响。故应选D。
22. A
解析:现在完成时中， 非延续性动词不能与for和since引导的表示一段时间的状语连用，通常是用相应的延续性动词来代替。可另用”It is + 一时间+since从句\"来表示，故应选A。
23. B
解析：据since可知，应排除A、C，\"hear from sb.=receive/get/have a letter from sb。”意为”收到某人的来信”,故选B。
24. have been
解析：本题考查的是时态的运用，故应填have been。
25. for
解析:本题考查的是since和for的区别，故应填for。
108 26. A
解析：\"have/has been to +地点\"表示”曾经去过某地（但现在已不在那儿）。\"故应为A。
27. A
解析：由 recently 和 by now 可知用现在完成时。故选A
28. C
解析:由 For about four years 可知，要用现在完成时,排除 A 和 D; 与时间段连用，不可用 get married， 要用 be married。故选C
29. C
解析:现在完成时中,非延续性动词不能与for和since引导的表示一段时间的状语连用,通常是用相应的延续性动词来代替。故应为C
30. D
解析：据before可知，应用现在完成时,故选D.
31. D 32. B
解析：现在完成时还与once(一次)，twice(两次)，three times（三次)，several times(几次）等表示重复次数的词语连用。故应选B。
33. D 34. C
解析：因为ever since的意思是“从那时(1945年）起一直到现在”，表示从过去某一时刻起一直延续到现在的动作或状态，要用现在完成时，现在完成时由“have /has+过去分词”构成，
108所以选C。
35. B
解析:由表示对照的Years ago和recent可知，“以前不知”，但“现在已经证明了\"，所以用现在完成时。故应选B
36。 D 37。 C 38。 D 39. A 40. B 41。 C 42. C 43。 C 44。 B 45。 D
46. D 47. D 48。 B 49。 B 50。 B 51。 B 52。 A 53。 C 54。 A
55。 B 56。 C 57。 B 58. B 59。 B 60. A 61。 D 62。 C 63. C 64. C
65. C 66。 C 67。 D 68. C 69. C 70. C 71。 B 72。 D 73。 D 74。 A
75。 A 76。 A 77. D 78. D 79。 D 80. A 81。 never 82. already 83. for
84. ever， never 85. yet， already 86。 has gone to 87. has been in 88。 has been in
89。 have， been in 90. have been in 91. Have， been to, went 92. have been in
93。 has gone to 94. did， go； went 95. go， have been 96。 are, going; will go
97。 goes 98. Did， go 99。 Do, go 100。 has， been； has been 101。 have, not
102。 Why, hasn’t 103。 have， bought 104。 have, learned， for 105. has,
108he
106. How long 107。 died; been dead 108. been， away, for
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