New Concept English 3 Lesson 30：The death of a ghost For years, villagers believed that Endley Farm was haunted. The farm was owned by two brothers, Joe and Bob Cox. They employed a few farmhands, but no one was willing to work there long. Every time a worker gave up his job, he told the same story. Farm labourers said that they always woke up to find that work had been done overnight. Hay had been cut and cowsheds had been cleaned. A farm worker, who stayed up all night claimed to have seen a figure cutting corn in the moonlight. In time, it became an accepted fact the Cox brothers employed a conscientious ghost that did most of their work for them. No one suspected that there might be someone else on the farm who had never been seen. This was indeed the case. A short time ago, villagers were astonished to learn that the ghost of Endley had died. Everyone went to the funeral, for the 'ghost' was none other than Eric Cox, a third brother who was supposed to have died as a young man. After the funeral, Joe and Bob revealed a secret which they had kept for over fifty years. Eric had been the eldest son of the family, very much older than his two brothers. He had been obliged to join the army during the Second World War. As he hated army life, he decided to desert his regiment. When he learnt that he would be sent abroad, he returned to the farm and his father hid him until the end of the war. Fearing the authorities, Eric remained in hiding after the war as well. His father told everybody that Eric had been killed in action. The only other people who knew the secret were Joe and Bob. They did not even tell their wives. When their father died, they thought it their duty to keep Eric in hiding. All these years, Eric had lived as a recluse. He used to sleep during the day and work at night, quite unaware of the fact that he had become the ghost of Endley. When he died, however, his brothers found it impossible to keep the secret any longer. 1New Concept English 3 For years, villagers believed that Endley Farm was haunted. The farm was owned by two brothers, Joe and Bob Cox. 多年来，村民们一直认为恩得利农场在闹鬼。恩得利农场属于乔.考科斯和鲍勃.考科斯兄弟俩所有。 1. ghost /gəʊst/ n. the spirit of a dead person that some people think they can feel or see in a place ghost of the ghost of Old Tom Morris n. the memory or effect of sb. or sth. bad that lived, existed, or happened in the past ghost of The ghost of Stalinism still affects life in Russia today. the ghost of a smile/sound etc a smile etc that is so slight you are not sure it happened The ghost of a smile flitted across her sad features. n. a second image that is not clear on a television or computer screen give up the ghost a) if a machine gives up the ghost, it does not work any more and cannot be repaired - used humorously Unfortunately, my car's just given up the ghost. b) to die (not) a ghost of a chance not even a slight chance of doing sth., or of sth. happening They don't stand a ghost of a chance of winning. haunted /’hɔːn.tɪd/ adj. haunted building is believed to be visited regularly by the soul of a dead person a haunted house haunted expression/look a very worried or frightened expression 2. that引导的从句为宾语从句，充当believe的宾语 3. haunted为形容词化了动词的过去分词，可以直接当作形容词来使用，意思为“闹鬼的，鬼出神么的”， 如：a haunted house鬼屋 They employed a few farmhands, but no one was willing to work there long. Every time a worker gave up his job, he told the same story. 他们雇了几个农工，但谁也不愿意在那儿长期工作下去。每次雇工辞职后都叙述着同样的故事。 1. farmhand /’fɑːm.hænd/ n. a person who is paid to work on a farm 2New Concept English 3 Farm labourers said that they always woke up to find that work had been done overnight. Hay had been cut and cowsheds had been cleaned. 雇工们说，常常一早起来发现有人在夜里把活干了，干草已切好，牛棚也打扫干净了。 1. cowshed /’kaʊ.ʃed/ n. a building where cows are kept 2. said后的that从句为宾语从句 3. wake up的用法相当于一个不及物动词，只能用于主动语态，意思为“（某人）醒来” 4. to find that work had been done overnight为动词不定式充当结果状语，其中that引导的从句为find的宾语 A farm worker, who stayed up all night claimed to have seen a figure cutting corn in the moonlight. 有一个彻夜未眠的雇工还声称他看见一个人影在月光下收割庄稼。 1. who stayed up all night为非限定性定语从句，用来修饰先行词worker 2. stay up为固定搭配，意思为“不睡觉，熬夜，开夜车”，句中可以翻译为“彻夜未眠” 3. claim to do sth.意思为“声称做了某事” 4. have seen a figure cutting corn in the moonlight意思为“看见一个人影正在收割庄稼”，在这个结构中，a figure为动词see的宾语，cutting corn in the moonlight为宾语补足语。See sb. doing sth. 为固定搭配，意思为“看见某人正在做某事”。另外还有一个结构为see sb. do sth.，在这个结构中，充当宾语补足语的为do sth.， 这个结构的意思为“看见某人做某事”，强调看到了整个过程，如： I saw him eat the apple. 我看着他吃掉了这个苹果。 I saw him eating an apple. 我看见他正在吃一个苹果 In time, it became an accepted fact the Cox brothers employed a conscientious ghost that did most of their work for them. 随着时间的流逝，考科斯兄弟雇了一个尽心尽责的鬼，他们家的活大部分都让鬼给干了，这件事成了公认的事实。 1. conscientious /,kɒn.t ʃi’ent .ʃəs/ adj. careful to do everything that it is your job or duty to do a conscientious and hard-working student 3New Concept English 3 2. fact与其后的that从句为同位语，that引导的同位语从句用来具体阐述fact的内容 3. that did most of their work for them为定语从句，修饰其先行词ghost No one suspected that there might be someone else on the farm who had never been seen. This was indeed the case. 谁也没想到农场竟会有一个从未露面的人。但事实上确有此人。 1. suspect /sə’spekt/ v. to think that sth. is probably true, especially sth. bad suspect (that) I suspected that there was something wrong with the engine. v. to think that something bad has happened or is happening The doctors suspected asthma. suspect murder/foul play The position of the body led the police to suspect murder. suspect something/nothing/anything He never suspected anything. v. to think that someone is probably guilty of a crime: Who do you suspect? suspect somebody of (doing) something He's suspected of murder. v. to think that something is not honest or true I began to suspect his motives in inviting me. 2. suspect后面的that从句为宾语从句，充当suspect的宾语。“suspect + that宾语从句”表示为that从句中的内容是真的，而“doubt + that宾语从句”表示认为that从句中的内容是假的，如： I suspect that he has done his homework by himself this time. 我怀疑这次是他自己独立完成的作业 I doubt that he has done his homework by himself this time. 我怀疑这次不是他自己独立完成的作业 3. else这里为形容词，意思为“其他的，别的”，经常用于修饰不定代词和疑问代词，作为后置定语，例如anything else， what else 4. on the farm为固定搭配，意思为“在农场” 4New Concept English 3 5. who had never been seen为定语从句，其先行词为someone else。这里将先行词与定语从句用on the farm分隔开是为了照顾句子的连贯性 A short time ago, villagers were astonished to learn that the ghost of Endley had died. Everyone went to the funeral, for the 'ghost' was none other than Eric Cox, a third brother who was supposed to have died as a young man. 不久之前，村民们惊悉恩得利农场的鬼死了。大家都去参加了葬礼，因为那“鬼”不是别人，正是农场主的兄弟埃里克.考科斯。 1. astonish /ə’stɒn.ɪʃ/ v. to surprise someone very much [= amaze]: Her reply astonished me. astonished /ə’stɒn.ɪʃt/ adj. very surprised about something [= amazed] astonished to see/find/hear/learn etc We were astonished to find the temple still in its original condition. astonished by/at I was astonished by the result. astonished (that) I'm astonished that you should even think such a thing! funeral /’fjuː.nər.əl/ n. a religious ceremony for burying or cremating (=burning) sb. who has died The funeral will be held at St. Martin's Church. it's your funeral spoken used to warn someone that they, and no one else, must deal with the results of their actions a ceremony for sb. who has died: funeral a ceremony at which someone who has died is buried /’ber.i/ or burned burial /’ber.i.əl/ when someone's body is put into the ground cremation /krɪ’meɪ.ʃən/ when someone's body is burned hearse /hɜːs/ a large car that takes the body to the funeral coffin /’kɒf.ɪn/ a box in which someone is buried or carried to the funeral grave /greɪv/ the place where someone is buried graveyard /’greɪv.jɑːd/ /cemetery /’sem.ə.tri/ an area where dead people are buried 5New Concept English 3 undertaker /’ʌn.də,teɪ.kər/ someone who arranges funerals the mourners /’mɔː.nər/ the people at a funeral 2. to learn that the ghost of Endley had died 这里为动词不定式作原因状语，表示astonished的原因。在此动词不定式中，动词learn的宾语为一个that引导的宾语从句 3. for这里为连词，用来引导原因状语从句 4. none other than为固定搭配，意思为“不是别的，正是。。。”，如： There comes a person. It is none other than Mike. 来了一个人，正是Mike She is none other than my wife. 她正是我的妻子 5. a third brother who was supposed to have died as a young man和Eric Cox为同位语。在此同位语中，who引导的从句为定语从句，用来修饰先行词a third brother 6. be supposed to do sth. = be expected to do sth. 为固定搭配，意思为“应该。。。”，如： You are supposed to be in Beijing now. 你现在应该在北京啊 We are not supposed to play football on Sundays. 不准我们在周日踢足球 After the funeral, Joe and Bob revealed a secret which they had kept for over fifty years. 人们以为埃里克年轻时就死了。葬礼之后，乔和鲍勃透露了他们保守了长达50多年的秘密。 1. reveal /rɪ’viːl/ v. to make known sth. that was previously secret or unknown a test that can reveal a teacher's skills reveal (that) He revealed that he had been in prison twice before. reveal yourself (as/to be something) The violinist /,vaɪə’lɪn.ɪst/ n revealed himself as a talented interpreter of classical music. v. to show something that was previously hidden The curtain opened to reveal the grand prize. Eric had been the eldest son of the family, very much older than his two brothers. He had been obliged to join the army during the Second World War. 埃里克是这家长子。年龄比他两个弟弟大很多，第二次世界大战期间被迫参军。 6New Concept English 3 1. oblige /ə’blaɪdʒ/ v. if you are obliged to do something, you have to do it because the situation, the law, a duty etc makes it necessary oblige somebody to do something The minister was obliged to report at least once every six months. feel obliged to do something (=feel that you have a duty to do sth.) Many parents feel obliged to pay for at least part of the wedding. ! Do not use oblige when you are talking about making someone do something they do not want to do. Use force or make: No one can force (NOT oblige) you to stay in a job that you hate. v. to do something that someone has asked you to do It's always a good idea to oblige important clients. happy/glad/ready etc to oblige If you need a ride home, I'd be happy to oblige. I'd be obliged if spoken formal used to make a polite request I'd be obliged if you'd treat this matter as strictly confidential. (I'm) much obliged (to you) spoken old-fashioned used to thank someone very politely 2. very much older than his two brothers为形容词的比较级作定语，相当于一个非限定性定语从句who was very much older than his two brothers，起到补充说明的作用 3. join the army为固定搭配，意思为“参军”。注意join和join in的区别，在表示加入某个组织时用join，例如join the Party(入党)，join the club （加入俱乐部） As he hated army life, he decided to desert his regiment. When he learnt that he would be sent abroad, he returned to the farm and his father hid him until the end of the war. 他讨厌军旅生活，决定逃离所在部队。当他了解自己将被派遣出国时，他逃回农场，父亲把他藏了起来，直到战争结束。 1. desert /’dez.ət/ n. a large area of land where it is always very hot and dry, and there is a lot of sand the Sahara Desert in the desert The plane crash-landed in the desert. 7New Concept English 3 n. a place where there is no activity or where nothing interesting happens The railroad yard was a desert now. ! Do not confuse desert and dessert although they have similar spellings. /dɪ’zɜːt/ v. to leave someone or something and no longer help or support them Helen was deserted by her husband. desert somebody for somebody He deserted her for another woman. v. to leave a place so that it is completely empty [= abandon] The birds have deserted their nest. v. to leave the army, navy etc without permission: Several hundred soldiers have deserted. v. if a feeling, quality, or skill deserts you, you no longer have it, especially at a time when you need it Mike's confidence seemed to have deserted him. regiment /’redʒ.ɪ.mənt/ n. a large group of soldiers n. a large number of people, animals, or things regiment of a regiment of ants Fearing the authorities, Eric remained in hiding after the war as well. His father told everybody that Eric had been killed in action. 由于害怕当局，埃里克战后继续深藏不露。他的父亲告诉大家，埃里克在战争中被打死了。 1. Fearing the authorities为动词的现在分词短语充当原因状语，句子的主语Eric和fear之间为主谓关系，所以使用表示主动的现在分词 2. remain in doing sth. 意思为“继续保持做某事” 3. told后的结构为双宾语结构，其中间接宾语为everybody，直接宾语为that引导的从句that Eric had been killed in action 4. be killed in action为习惯短语，意思为“阵亡” 8New Concept English 3 The only other people who knew the secret were Joe and Bob. They did not even tell their wives. When their father died, they thought it their duty to keep Eric in hiding. 除此之外，只有乔与鲍知道这个秘密。但他俩连自己的妻子都没告诉。父亲死后，他们兄弟俩认为有责任继续把埃里克藏起来。 1. 在句中的主句中，it为thought的形式宾语，真正的宾语为to keep Eric in hiding，而their duty为宾语补足语。这样做的目的是为了保持句子的美观性及连贯性 All these years, Eric had lived as a recluse. He used to sleep during the day and work at night, quite unaware of the fact that he had become the ghost of Endley. When he died, however, his brothers found it impossible to keep the secret any longer. 这些年来，埃里克过着隐士生活，白天睡觉，夜里出来干活，一点不知道自己已成了恩得利家场的活鬼。他死后，他的弟弟们才觉得无法再保守这个秘密了。 1. recluse /rɪ’kluːs/ n. sb. who chooses to live alone, and does not like seeing or talking to other people She became a recluse after her two sons were murdered. unaware /,ʌn.ə’weər/ adj. not noticing or realizing what is happening unaware of Mike seems unaware of the trouble he's causing. unaware (that) She was totally unaware that she was being watched 2. quite unaware…为形容词作状语，表示状态或伴随。be aware of意思为“意识到。。。”，与其意思相反的词组为be unaware of意思为“没有意识到。。。” 3. fact和that引导的从句he had become the ghost of Endley为同位语 9