1. clothes, cloth, clothing
clothes统指各种衣服，谓语动词永远是复数;
cloth指布，为不可数名词;
clothing 服装的总称，指一件衣服用a piece of, an article of
2. incident, accident
incident指小事件;
accident指不幸的事故 eg:He was killed in the accident.
3. amount, number
amount后接不可数名词;
number后接可数名词 eg:a number of students
4. family, house, home
home 家，包括住处和家人;
house房子，住宅;
family家庭成员. eg:My family is a happy one.
5. sound, voice, noise
sound自然界各种各样的声音;
voice人的嗓音;
noise噪音 eg:I hate the loud noise outside.
6. photo, picture, drawing
photo用照相机拍摄的照片;
picture可指相片，图片，电影片;
drawing画的画 eg:Let's go and see a good picture.
7. vocabulary, word
vocabulary词汇，一个人拥有的单词量;
word具体的单词 eg:He has a large vocabulary.
8. population, people
population人口，人数;
people具体的`人 eg:China has a large population.
9. weather, climate
weather一天内具体的天气状况;
climate长期的气候状况 eg:The climate here is not good for you.
10. road, street, path, way
road具体的公路，马路;eg:take this road
street街道;eg:in the street
path小路，小径;
way道路，途径 eg:show me the way to the museum.
11. course, subject
course课程（可包括多门科目）;eg:a summer course
subject科目（具体的学科）
12. custom, habit
custom传统风俗，习俗，也可指生活习惯，后接to do;
habit生活习惯，习惯成自然，后接of doing. eg:I've got the habit of drinking a lot.
13. cause, reason
cause 指造成某一事实或现象的直接原因，后接of sth./doing sth;
reason用来解释某种现象或结果的理由，后接for sth./doing sth. eg:the reason for being late
14. exercise, exercises, practice
exercise运动，锻炼（不可数）;
exercises练习（可数）;
practice（反复做的）练习 eg:Practice makes perfect.
15. class, lesson
作"课"解时,两者可以替换.指课文用lesson;
指班级或全体学生用class. eg:lesson 6; class 5
16. speech, talk, lecture
speech指在公共场所所做的经过准备的较正式的演说;
talk日常生活中的一般的谈话，讲话;
lecture学术性的演讲，讲课 eg:a series of lecture on…
17. officer, official
officer部队的军官;
official政府官员 eg:an army officer
18. work, job
二者均指工作。work不可数，job可数 eg:a good job
19. couple, pair
couple主要指人或动物;
pair多指由两部分组成的东西 eg:a pair of trousers
20. country, nation, state, land
country侧重指版图，疆域;
nation指人民，国民，民族;
state侧重指政府，政体;
land国土，国家 eg:The whole nation was sad at the news.
21. cook, cooker
cook厨师;
cooker厨具 eg:He is a good cook.
22. damage, damages
damage不可数名词, 损害，损失;
damages复数形式, 赔偿金 eg:$900 damages
23. police, policeman
police警察的总称，后接复数谓语动词;
policeman 指某个具体的警察 eg:The police are questioning everyone in the house.
24. problem, question
problem常和困难连系，前面的动词常为think about, solve, raise;
question常和疑问连系，多和ask, answer连用
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